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Existing germplasm of ber in Punjab
By Miss Naseem Sharif (Research Officer)
Horticultural Research Institute, AARI Faisalabad
Ber
(Zyzyphus mauritiana) is called apple of desert and is
considered king of all arid fruits. It belongs to Family
Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn Family) consisting of more than 170
species distributed throughout temperate, tropical and
subtropical regions of world. Ber cultivation is becoming
popular due to its outstanding advantages including bearing
early, being rich in nutrition, long flowering season, as
well as high tolerance to drought and salinity. Fruits of
jujube are used in Pakistan as fresh and dehydrated for
later use. By products of Ber include jams, chutney, murraba,
juice and candies. Ber demonstrates a rich genetic diversity
mostly resulting from natural cross pollination and self
incompatibility. The genetic variation in ber population is
in forms of fruit volume, yield and other characteristics.
There is very less study regarding the selection of ber in
Pakistan. Thus, it is necessary to select desired genotypes
for superior fruit characteristics and to develop standard
cultivars from a wide variety of ber population. More than
fifty varieties of Ber are being grown in Pakistan, which
belong to species Zyzyphus mauritiana .In following article
foremost Ber varieties have been enlisted with their physico-chemical
and fruit morphological description. So that farmers can be
familiar with Ber varieties.
.
• Dehli Sufaid
It is very delicious and large sized variety of Ber.
Fruit shape is round. Average fruit weight is 28gram while
average fruit size is 11cm2. Stone size is 1.7cm2 and stone
weight is 1.5gram. Yield per tree is 230-240kg. Vitamin C
contents are 134mg per 100 gram while TSS is 21%.
• Dilbhar
This is early variety of Ber. Fruit size is very
attractive and of large size upto 11cm2. Fruit weight is
upto 25gram. Stone weight is 1gram and stone size is upto
1.2cm2. TSS is 15%. Vitamin C contents in this variety lies
upto 112mg per 100gram. Yield per tree is 160-165kg.
• Suffon
Fruit size of this variety is somewhat smaller then
Dehli Sufaid. Average fruit weight is 16gram. Fruit size is
7cm2. Stone weight is 0.9gram while stone size is 1cm2.
Total soluble solids are 17% while Vitamin C contents are
132gram per 100 gram. Average yield of fruit per tree is
115-120kg.
• Faisalabad-1
It is very delicious variety of Ber. Average fruit
weight is 28gram while average fruit size is 11cm2. Stone
size is 1.4cm2 and stone weight is 2.1gram. Yield per tree
is 170-175kg/plant. Vitamin C contents are 109mg per 100
gram while TSS is 17%.
• Ajooba
It is very delicious variety of Ber. Average fruit
weight is 14gram while average fruit size is 7cm2. Stone
size is 9cm2 and stone weight is 9gram. Yield per tree is
115-120kg/plant. Vitamin C contents are 134mg per 100 gram
while TSS is 18%.
• Fauladi
It is very delicious variety of Ber. Average fruit
weight is 37gram while average fruit size is 13cm2. Stone
size is 2cm2 and stone weight is 2.3gram. Yield per tree is
180-185kg/plant. Vitamin C contents are 113mg per 100 gram
while TSS is 19%.
• Mehmood Wali
Average fruit weight of this variety is 14gram. Fruit
size is upto 6cm2. Stone size is .3cm2 while stone weight is
1.4gram. Vitamin C contents in this variety lies upto 103mg
per 100gram. Yield per tree is 158-163kg while the TSS is
16%.
• Saddiqia
It is very delicious variety of Ber. Average fruit
weight is 10gram while average fruit size is 7.5cm2. Stone
size is 0.7cm2 and stone weight is 0.7gram. Yield per tree
is 170-175kg/plant. Vitamin C contents are 158mg per 100
gram while TSS is 23%.
• Yazman local
It is very delicious variety of Ber. Average fruit
weight is 34gram while average fruit size is 13cm2. Stone
size is 0.7cm2 and stone weight is 1.3gram. Yield per tree
is 145-150kg/plant. Vitamin C contents are 82mg per 100 gram
while TSS is 17%.
• Gorh
This variety is also called Desi Ber and used fir
rootstock purpose. Average fruit weight of this variety is
5gram. Fruit size is upto 3 cm2. Stone size is 0.2 cm2 while
stone weight is 0.5gram. Vitamin C contents in this variety
lies upto 177mg per 100gram, while the TSS is 24. Yield per
tree is 137-140kg.
• Khobani
Average fruit weight of this variety is 13gram. Fruit
size is upto 7cm2. Stone size is 0.3 cm2 while stone weight
is1.2gram. Vitamin C contents in this variety lies upto
167mg per 100gram while the TSS is 18%. Yield per tree is
117-120kg.
• Bhawalpur selection
Average fruit weight of this variety is 21 gram. Fruit
size is upto 11 cm2. Stone size is 1.6 cm2 while stone
weight is 2.2gram. Vitamin C contents in this variety lies
upto 128mg per 100gram, while the TSS is 16%. Yield per tree
is 195-198kg.
• Anokhi
This is also very delicious variety which develops reddish
to brown spots on maturity. Average fruit weight of this
variety is 16 gram. Fruit size is upto 7 cm2. Stone size is
1.6 cm2 while stone weight is 1.2gram. Vitamin C contents in
this variety lies upto 102mg per 100gram, while the TSS is
16%. Average Yield per tree is 190-195kg.
• Allu Bukhara
This is late variety of ber reaches in market at end of
March. Average fruit weight of this variety is 23gram. Fruit
size is upto 10 cm2. Stone size is 0.6 cm2 while stone
weight is 1.3gram. Vitamin C contents in this variety lies
upto 132mg per 100gram, while the TSS is 17%. Yield per tree
is 210-215kg.
• Pak White
This variety can be store for more days as compare to others
so can be marketed to distant areas. Average fruit weight of
this variety is 31gram. Fruit size is upto 13 cm2. Stone
size is 0.5 cm2 while stone weight is 2gram. Vitamin C
contents in this variety lies upto 122mg per 100gram, while
the TSS is 19%. Yield per tree is 200-205 kg.
Courtesy: Pakissan Team |